Research articles

Continuously graded-doped SnO₂ for efficient n–i–p perovskite solar cells

A continuously graded-doped electron transport layer made of SnO₂ significantly enhances the performance and stability of n–i–p structured perovskite solar cells. By creating a gradient in the tin oxi...

Decarboxylative alkylation of alkenes via palladium catalysis

A Pd-catalysed method enables regio- and diastereoselective C–H alkylation of diverse alkenes using carboxylic acids as alkyl sources, expanding synthetic access to complex substituted alkenes that ar...

Recycling of spin-triplet excitons in organic photovoltaics

Triplet excitons in organic photovoltaics can redissociate via the charge-transfer state into free carriers, reducing losses and improving efficiency. This mechanism is enabled by molecular design con...

Safety and efficacy of intratumoural anti-CTLA4 with intravenous anti-PD1

The phase 1b NIVIPIT trial shows that in combined therapy with intravenous nivolumab (anti-PD1), intratumoural administration of ipilimumab (anti-CTLA4) offers improved safety and greater efficacy com...

Digital quantum magnetism on a trapped-ion quantum computer

Simulations performed using Quantinuum's H2 trapped-ion quantum computer for observing thermalization on challenging timescales demonstrate the usefulness of digital quantum computers for investigatin...

Uncertain dynamic response of mid-latitude winter precipitation

Understanding changes in precipitation is crucial for society and ecosystems. Studies have documented the respective contributions of anthropogenic forcing and internal variability to precipitation tr...

Higher-order interactions enhance the latitudinal tree diversity gradient

Higher-order interactions are shown to contribute to the decrease in species diversity from low to high latitudes in global forests, potentially explaining why this intricate phenomenon cannot be adeq...

Charge-dependent spectral softenings of primary cosmic rays below the knee

The DAMPE satellite observed a universal charge-dependent spectral softening in primary cosmic rays, and ruled out mass-dependent softening with greater than 99.99% confidence. This finding provides c...